新技术在柴油机上的应用分析

结合最新型ＭＴＵ／ＤＤＣ２０００型、４０００型等系列柴油机，归纳论述了在柴油机上应用的新技术，并分析了这些新技术对改进柴油机综合性能的作用．     

VR技术在指挥自动化中的应用

在介绍了虚拟现实技术的概念、组成、特点和指挥自动化系统的组成及其主要功能的基础上 ,提出了将虚拟现实的可视化技术应用到作战指挥控制系统中 ,建立分布式虚拟现实模拟系统 ,以增强战场的逼真性和系统的可视化程度 ,提高指挥员的决策性。     

信息战与雷达

从信息战的特点出发 ,着重说明雷达在信息战中的地位和作用。对于 2 1世纪在高技术条件下可能发生的战争的形式和特点 ,人们是很不熟悉的 ,对现代战争的许多情况还无法准确预计。现代战争的主要形式之一是信息战 ,其信息来源的主要提供者是雷达。要求雷达具有完善的功能、高质量、高可靠性。研究和发展雷达新技术、新设备是反抗入侵者的需要 ,是增强国力的有效措施。     

交互式Pareto前沿可视化决策

针对现有高维多目标可视化技术不能有效显示决策偏好信息这一难题,提出一种基于径向轴图的交互式Pareto前沿可视化决策方法。进行标准化适应度函数处理,消除量纲差距;根据交互更新的轴向量矩阵建立最小二乘问题模型,通过Moore-Penrose广义逆矩阵方法求解投影点,从而获得Pareto前沿分布图。该方法能够有效显示目标各维度信息,直观呈现决策偏好,动态表现目标性能趋势。通过实验与传统可视化技术对比分析,验证了该方法的有效性和实用性。     

军队科研机构推进国防知识产权转化运用

军队科研机构作为国家科技创新体系的重要组成部分,承担了大量科技创新任务,产生了许多具有自主知识产权的高水平科技成果,推动军队科研机构国防知识产权转化运用,是贯彻军民融合发展战略的必要途径。分析了军队科研机构国防知识产权转化的现状及制约转化的现实障碍,并结合实际探讨了推进军队科研机构国防知识产权转化的建议举措。     

无人作战的人机融合：挑战与出路

无人作战对于人和机器两个要素的融合提出了巨大的挑战。一方面，无人作战独特的作战模式和作战环境对于自然人的能力素质构成严峻挑战，高度智能化的作战系统运行速度、海量的数据信息日益挑战人类的反应能力和决策能力，虚拟的、远程的、与现实战场隔绝的作战环境日益挑战人类的心理素质。另一方面，机器的高度智能化虽然有利于更好地发挥潜在的作战能力，但也不可避免地带来战争失控和道德沦丧的风险。破解人机两个维度的挑战，实现人与机器的深度融合，一方面要利用增强技术从物理、生理、心理三个层面加速提高人类的能力素质，另一方面是强化机器人的伦理安全设计，坚守人类对机器人的控制底线，规避机器人失控和战争“非人化”的道德风险。     

Defense policy in Brazil: bridging the gap between ends and means?

This article aims to analyze the Brazilian Defense Policy in terms of its ability to reduce the gap between ends and means. Since 2003, the Brazilian defense policy has evolved along with Brazil’s increased role in the international system. Sustaining this process depends on institutional, economic, and operational conditions that are yet to be fully guaranteed. They require negotiations, reforms, and strategic perspective. By identifying specific challenges emerging from the national security institutional framework, the combat capability building process, the budgetary cycle, as well as from the defense industrial base, we sought to explain their rationale and to offer concrete policy pointers to overcome obstacles. As a general conclusion, the Brazilian defense policy was strengthened by the 2008 National Defense Strategy (END) due to its clearer strategic goals. Bridging the gap between those ends and the proper means is a continuous effort for any given country, but in the case of Brazil it has been addressed with firmer steps since the END, even in the face of harder economic and political conditions.     

Sharing the load: factors in supporting local armed groups in insurgencies

Most counterinsurgency campaigns have featured the use of some form of local defense forces. Such forces have had a somewhat mixed record, both in their usefulness in actually countering insurgents and in their longer-term impact on internal security. This article focuses on historical cases that provide lessons for the best operational and strategic uses of local defense forces and measures to control their activities.     

虚拟化技术研究与探索

近年来虚拟化技术在商业应用上的优势日益体现,不仅降低了IT成本,而且还增强了系统安全性和可靠性。主要针对服务器虚拟化技术的出现、发展,对目前x86平台主流虚拟化技术类别进行了总结,重点阐述了纯软件虚拟化技术的原理及面临的挑战。     

The rise and fall of counterproliferation policy

The US government initiated a Defense Counterproliferation Initiative to address the concern that, in the post-Cold War years, the proliferation of nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons would be widespread and create a significant challenge to the US military’s combat operations. In particular, non-nuclear states might use chemical or biological warfare agents against US forces with the belief that nuclear weapons would not be used against them in retaliation. Following the events of September 11, 2001, defense strategy and policy shifted to a wider view of the threat of adversarial use of “weapons of mass destruction” (WMD) and the term “counterproliferation” was replaced by “combating” or “countering WMD.” Over time, the Defense Department increasingly moved away from counterproliferation principles with the detrimental effect of losing capabilities that US forces still need for contemporary adversaries. This shift has been aggravated by other US government agencies’ use of “counterproliferation” in lieu of what would have been termed “nonproliferation” activities in the 1990s. The loss of clarity within the US government on these terms has led to the inability to focus the “whole of government” on this significant national security challenge. To alleviate this challenge, the US government needs a top-down initiative to refocus policy on the distinctly different aspects of WMD with respect to military combat operations, combating terrorism, and homeland security.